How clouds are created

 

All water sources (such as oceans, rivers, ponds, canals, etc.) are on the Earth's surface, so normally the air adjacent to the Earth's surface contains a little more water vapour than the air above.Again, we know that sunlight reflected on the earth's surface first heats the surface air, so the surface air stays a little warmer than the air above.That is, the water vapour adjacent to the surface is warmer.This "warm water vapour" tends to rise as it is relatively lighter than the air above (just as a helium gas-filled balloon releases and rises).As this warm air rises,its temperature decreases (because, as the altitude increases, the temperature decreases) and the air pressure also decreases.(Because, as the altitude rises, the atmospheric pressure decreases), so the pressure of the "warm water vapour" air also decreases to coincide with the ambient air pressure.Then very small water particles or ice particles separate (the process of water vapour to water particles or ice particles is called condensation, in which water vapour condenses on various tiny dust particles floating in the sky).They are so small and light that the effect of gravity on them is negligible.They float in the sky, with countless water droplets or ice floes floating together in the sky like a cloud.

Why is the colour of the clouds sometimes white and sometimes black?

The reason for this lies in a particular religion of light scattering "scattering" or "scattering".The above "water particles or ice particles" are comparatively larger in size than "molecules of different gaseous substances present in the air".So they scatter light of "all wavelengths" in the light coming from the sun, so as a combination of the seven colours we see the clouds as white cotton.(As we know, seven basic colours are added to show the white "colour".Newton broke down the prism to show that white is the sum of the seven colours, namely, purple, blue, azure, green, yellow, orange and red.That is, we usually see the sky blue colour, because then the gaseous molecules present in the air in the sky, whose size is so small that they are equal to the purple or blue wavelength of sunlight, so, they scatter blue or purple colour more than other colours. From the Jeans formula, scattering is disproportionate to the fourth power of the wavelength, since blue or purple wavelengths are shorter and more scattered.So if there are no clouds, the sky is blue during the day.)

Why do clouds look black or grey before it rains?

The reason is very simple. More water particles and ice particles are added to the previous cloud and the clouds become thicker.It becomes so dense that the sun's light is scattered by a few layers above the cloud, resulting in a lower amount of sunlight reaching the lower layers and less at the lower layers.As a result, the lower layers can no longer scatter sunlight (never come to the lower layers, far from scattering !!).Moreover, the particles tend to get bigger, so they absorb most of the light instead of scattering it.As a result, we see clouds of grey or black ccolourfrom below.T he moment before it rains, we usually understand the black colour better. (Note: From the top of the cloud, we will always see the cloud, because it has been said before that the light from the upper layer is scattered.Ice particles are relatively large in size and can no longer float, raining down in torrential downpours.